PASSIVE VOICE

• Description of the passive voice

In passive sentences all three forms of the verb use (past participle). In the passive voice sentences or the perpetrators of acts tool very often not mentioned. Said auxiliary in the passive voice should match the subject is derived from the passive object of a sentence (so not in accordance with the word help in the subject of the active sentence). Sentences with intransitive verb with the subject of the verb behind the actors who perform an act. In English the passive voice is used when the sentence is more appropriate (suitable) to say that the goods carried focuses on the perpetrators of such acts or if the perpetrator is unknown. Passive voice is the verb phrase beginning with Di and Ter. The passive voice is accompanied tense verb III (past participle) that describes things done (by the perpetrator).

a.       The lesson is being explained by the teacher.

b.      A story is being written by the students.

c.       Simon will be invited.

d.      Tomorrow the rabbits will have been fed by six o’clock.

e.       The garden will have been watered by seven o’clock.

f.       This programme will have been finished in a few days.

g.      The walls of the building were cracked by the explosion.

h.      The cake god burned.

i.        He god blamed for the mistake.

j.        Our children must be educated.

k.      The law must be obeyed.

l.        What are they doing at home? They are supposed to be at school.

m.    Oh dear! I was supposed to phone rita but I completely forgot.

n.      Let’s go and see that film. It is supposed to be very good

a.       I’m looking forward to being greeted by Nancy.

b.      Janet is fond of being told about love stories.

o.      People object to being humiliated.

p.      Peter stated that he had been influenced by his wife’s ambition.

q.      The inspector told us that the name of the suspect was known.

r.        Kevin is going to the optician to have his eyes tested.

• Rumus dan Contoh Passive Voice pada Tenses

Auxiliary untuk membentuk konstruksi pasif pada tenses dapat berupa auxiliary be (is, are, was, were), kombinasi antara dua primary auxiliary (is/are being, was/were being, has/have been), atau antara primary auxiliary dengan modal verb (will be, will have been). Auxialiary tersebut kemudian dipadukan dengan past participle untuk membentuk passive verb form. Adapun rumus dan contoh passive voice pada beberapa macam tenses dapat dilihat pada tabel sebagai berikut.

1.       Simple Present Tense

Aktif : S + do/does + not + V1

Pasif : S + to be (am, are, is) + not + V3 + by + O

Contoh:

Aktif : She doesn't write the book

Pasif : The book isn't written by her

Aktif : I don't wash the car

Pasif : The car isn't washed by me

2.       Present Continuous Tense

Aktif : S + to be (am, are, is) +  not + V1-ing

Pasif : S + to be (am, are, is) + not + being + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She isn't reading the book

Pasif : The book isn't being read by her

3.       Present Perfect Tense

Aktif : S + have/has + not + V3 + O

Pasif : S + have/has + not + been + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She hasn't written the book

Pasif : The book hasn't been written by her

Aktif : I haven't written the book

Pasif : The book hasn't been written by me

4.       Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Aktif : S + have/has + not + been + V1-ing + O

Pasif : S + have/has + not + been + being + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She hasn't been reading the book

Pasif : The book hasn't been being read by her

Aktif : I haven't been washing the car

Pasif : The car hasn't been being washed by me

5.       Simple Past Tense

Aktif : S + did + not + V1

Pasif : S + to be (was, were) + not + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She didn't write a letter

Pasif : A letter wasn't written by her

6.       Past Continuous Tense

Aktif : S + to be (was, were) + not + V1-ing + O

Pasif : S + to be (was, were) + not + being + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She wasn't washing the car

Pasif : The car wasn't being washed by her

7.       Past Perfect Tense

Aktif : S + had + not + V3 + O

Pasif : S + had + not + been + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She hadn't washed the car

Pasif : The car hadn't been washed by her

8.       Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Aktif : S + had + not + been + V1-ing + O

Pasif : S + had + not + been + being + V3 + by + O

Contoh:

Aktif : She hadn't been washing the car

Pasif : The car hadn't been being washed  by her

9.       Simple Future Tense

Aktif : S + will + not + V1 + O

Pasif : S + will + not + be + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She won't wash the car

Pasif : The car won't be washed by her

10.   Future Continuous Tense

Aktif : S + will + not + be + V1-ing + O

Pasif : S + will + not + be + being + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She won't be washing the car

Pasif : The car won't be being washed by her

11.   Future Perfect Tense

Aktif : S + will + not + have + V3 + O

Pasif : S + will + not + have + been + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She won't have washed the car

Pasif : The car won't have been washed by her

12.   Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Aktif : S + will + not + have + been + V1-ing + O

Pasif : S + will + not + have + been + being + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She won't have been washing the car

Pasif : The car won't have been being washed by her

13.   Simple Future Past Tense

Aktif : S + would +not +  V1

Pasif : S + would + not + be + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She wouldn't wash the car

Pasif : The car wouldn't be washed by her

14.   Future Past Continuous Tense

Aktif : S + would + not + be + V1-ing + O

Pasif : S + would + not + be + being + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She wouldn't be washing the car

Pasif : The car wouldn't be being washed by her

15.   Future Past Perfect Tense

Aktif : S + would + not + have + V3 + O

Pasif : S + would + not + have + been + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She wouldn't have washed the car

Pasif : The car wouldn't have been washed by her

16.   Future Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Aktif : S + would + not + have + been + V1-ing + O

Pasif : S + would + not + have + been +being + V3 + by + O

Contoh :

Aktif : She wouldn't have been washing the car

Pasif : The car wouldn't have been being washed by her

Referensi:

1.      Sasian Fenie. Kamus SMART Grammar – Tenses. 2004. Bintang Indonesia. Jakarta.

2.      Supono Idi. English Grammar. 2008. Wahyumedia. Jakarta.

3.      http://annur93.blogspot.com/2011/09/rumus-rumus-passive-voice-16-tenses_28.html